Cut of a diamond affects its Brilliance (reflection of light), whereas Polish (smoothness of facets) and Symmetry (alignment of facets) affect the sparkle of a diamond. A poor polish can make a diamond look dull and a poor symmetry can misdirect the light reducing the sparkle. Types of Cut There are three types of cuts as shown in the figure: Shallow CutIn which light refracts away through the bottom. Ideal CutIn which light gets reflected through the top producing maximum brilliance. Deep CutIn which light refracts away through the sides.
GIA Cut Grading Diamond cuts are graded on the following scale established by the Gemological Institute of America (GIA): Excellent Cut:The rarest cut grade of all, Excellent cut reflects maximum light entering the diamond and thus shines with optimum brilliance. Very Good Cut: Very Good cut grade may cost less than the Excellent cut, but it is equally beautiful and brilliant. Good Cut: Good cut grade of a diamond helps reflect light to obtain a good amount of brilliance, though not equal to the Excellent or Very Good cut. Thus it demands a much lesser price. Fair Cut: Being not as brilliant as a Good cut, Fair cut grade quality diamonds refract less amount of light, but make a better choice than Poor cut diamonds. Diamond Dimensions The various dimensions of a diamond are defined as follows: Table: The topmost and largest facet of a diamond. Crown: The sloping section of a diamond- from the girdle to the table. Girdle: The point where the crown and pavilion meet, which also determines the perimeter of the diamond. Diameter: The width of the diamond measured with reference to the girdle. Pavilion: The lower section of a diamond from the girdle to the culet. Culet: The tip of a diamond (the best culet is invisible to the naked eye). Depth: The height of a diamond measured from the culet to the table
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